浅析现代钢结构建筑设计与表现

Abstract: in modern architectural design with steel structure and more and more, especially in public buildings and landmarks. This article according to the characteristics of the steel structure design and based on the existing conditions, from the aspect of technology and discusses the architectural design and performance.

关键词：钢结构 建筑表现

Key words: steel structure building

　　建筑自人类产生以来都是人们生活的重要组成部分，但在很长时间里运用的都是石材，木材等。随着科技的发展新型材料的运用越来越广泛，其中钢材是其中普遍采用的一种。而以钢结构为主体的建筑是现代空间结构发展的主流，钢结构建筑与钢筋混凝土，砌体，木结构建筑相比有一定的差别，钢结构建筑通常由型钢、钢管、钢板等制成的钢梁、钢柱、钢桁架等构件组成，有的还用钢铰线、钢丝绳（束）组成，其连接方式采用焊缝、螺栓或铆钉连接，探讨现代钢结构建筑设计与表现具有重要的意义和价值。

Buildings since humans are an important part of people's life, but for a long time use is stone, wood, etc. With the development of science and technology the use of new materials is more and more widely, which is one of widely used steel. With steel structure as the main body construction is the mainstream of the development of modern space structure steel structure and reinforced concrete, masonry, timber structure buildings has certain difference, compared steel structure building is usually made of steel, steel pipe, steel plate girder, steel columns, steel truss, such as artifacts, some steel hinge line, steel wire rope (beam), the connection methods of connected by welding, bolt, or rivet, probe into modern steel structure design and the performance has important significance and value.

一、钢结构建筑的发展历史

First, the development history of steel structure building

　　最早在建造房屋中使用钢结构的国家可以追溯到十八世纪末的英国，一百年后法国工程师埃菲尔建造了著名的铁塔，人们也开始尝试建造钢结构的独户住宅，从此钢结构建筑彻底改变了以往建筑造型的模式，建筑设计的理念与方法亦随之嬗变。早期的钢结构仅是部分构件、配件用铸铁、熟铁制成，到了19世纪80年代结构型钢的出现加快了钢结构在建筑工程中的发展，使钢结构建筑在20世纪60年代实现了其第二次理论和实践的飞跃与创新的发展，德国包豪斯学派就是其理论的发源地。

The earliest used in building steel structure of countries can be traced back to the UK at the end of the 18th century, one hundred years after the French engineers built the famous Eiffel Tower Eiffel, people also began to try to build the single-family house steel structure, steel structure building completely changed in the past from now on architectural modeling, building design concept and method also change accordingly. Steel structure is only part of the early component, accessories made from cast iron, wrought iron, in the 1880 s the emergence of the steel structure to speed up the development of steel structure in construction engineering, the steel structure building in the 1960 s realized the second leap and innovation of the theory and practice of development, the German Bauhaus school of thought is the birthplace of the theory.