中国当代著名建筑师蔡镇钰

CaiZhenyu

蔡镇钰(CaiZhenyu)，男，1936年6月生，江苏常熟人，教授级待遇的高级建筑师。1956年毕业于南京工学院建筑系，1963年获莫斯科建筑学院建筑学博士学位。1994年评为全国工程勘察设计大师，原任华东建筑设计院总建筑师(1984-1999)，现任上海现代建筑设计(集团)有限公司资深总建筑师、曾任上海市规划委员会委员，上海市建委科技委员会副主任、全国高校建筑学专业评估委员会副主任及国务院学位委员会学科评议组成员，全国高校建筑学专业指导委员会委员。

CaiZhenyu, male, who was born in Changshu of Jiangsu Provincein June, 1936, is a senior architect of professor-level. He was graduated from Architecture Department of Nanjing Institute of Technology in 1956.Heacquired his Ph. D degree of Architecture from Moscow Architecture Institute in 1963. He was awarded as the National Master of Engineering Survey and Design in 1994. He was appointed as the Chief Architect of East China Architectural Design & Research Institute (1984-1999). Now ,he is a Senior Chief Architect of Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd. He was a member of Shanghai Planning Committee, the Vice Director of Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Construction Committee, the Vice Director of Chinese National Collegiate Architectural Education Accreditation Committee, a member of the Disciplinary Appraisal Panels under the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council, and a member of the Steering Committee for Teaching of Architecture Studies in Institutions of Higher Learning.

从事建筑创作50年来主持过大量工程的建筑和方案设计，获奖二十余项。2006年获中国建筑学会建筑教育特别奖。2007年6月出版创作集《琴抒》，共四册（城市设计及居住区、公共建筑、论文集及诗画集，由齐康、钟训正、戴复东院士作序）。2007中国住交会突出贡献奖在北京国展剧场揭晓，蔡镇钰喜获“CIHAF 2007中国突出贡献奖”。

Over the 50 years in his career, he directed lots of designs of construction and planning projects and acquired more than 20 prizes. He won a special award of architectural education from Architectural Society of China in 2006. The collection of his creative works《Qin Shu》, was published in June, 2007, which consists of four volumes including Urban and Residential District Design, Public Buildings, Theses, Poems and Paintings, and the prefaces were written by academicianQi Kang, ZhongXunzheng and Dai Fudong. When the 2007 Outstanding Contribution Award of CIHAF was announced in Beijing National Exhibition Theatre, CaiZhenyuwon the 2007 Outstanding Contribution Award of CIHAF with great honor.

蔡镇钰的主要论文有：浅谈借鉴与建筑创作、世纪之交建筑随想和跨世纪居住园区的环境观及中国民居的生态精神等60余篇。其创作思想力图以中国传统建筑的特点与现代先进技术相结合，去学习和发扬我国传统哲学理念，朴素的生态观和传统的建筑文化精神。放眼世界回归中国，去探索和成为一名具有中国特色的生态建筑观的中华建筑师。在科研工作方面，他长期以来担任多所高等院校的研究生学位论文答辩工作，共计有博士及硕士论文150余篇。曾在同济大学、东南大学等多所高校讲过学，并担任上述院校的兼职教授及部分院校的博士生导师。近五年来培养的研究生有博士及硕士论文十余篇。

CaiZhenyu’s theses mainly include: Reference and Architectural Creation----Exploring the Root of Chinese Architecture, Visions of Architecture at the Turn of the Century, Environment Outlook of Trans-Century Residential Districts, and Ecological Spirit of the Chinese Vernacular House, and other theses with a total of 60. The ideas of his creative works were trying to combine traditional buildings with advanced modern technology, to study and promote traditional Chinese philosophic concept, as well as simple ecological outlook and traditional spirit of architectural culture, aiming to become an architect of ecological architectural philosophy with Chinese characteristics by looking into the world while exploring in China. Over the years, he took part in thesis defense work of postgraduate degrees in many universities, the theses of master and doctor candidates reviewed by him have exceeded 150.He offered lectures at Tongji University, Southeast University and many other universities, and worked as part-time professor and doctoral supervisor in these universities. The postgraduate students directed by him have produced more than ten theses over last five years.

蔡镇钰能在“只有民族的才是世界的”这种观念下不断学习和进行创作实践是和童年和青年时代受到中国文化的熏陶分不开的。

It was the nurture of Chinese culture during his childhood and youth years that have made CaiZhenyuto study and create works unremittingly under the guide of the concept that “Only national makes international”.

蔡镇钰出生于江南的小城常熟，家乡素有十里青山半入城的秀姿。从战国时期就有历史并且文人和画家辈出，美丽的故乡和浓郁的民族文化在他幼小的心灵里播下了种子。十七岁他考入了南京工学院建筑系。南工老师打开了他第一扇通往设计殿堂的门扉。上世纪六十年代在赴苏学习期间，广袤的俄罗斯原野闪闪发光的白桦林和精湛的文化艺术更扩大了他的视野。普希金的诗句永远回荡在他的心里……

CaiZhenyu was born in Changshu in the South of Yangtze River, a small city with a charming landscape that renowned as a ten-mile green mountain half into the city, which can be traced back to the Warring States Period and has nurtured many scholars and artists in its history. The beautiful hometown and China’s rich national culture sowed seeds in his youthful mind. He passed the examination and began to study architecture in the Architecture Department of Nanjing Institute of Technologywhen he was 17, where the professors opened the first door for him to a palace hall of design. When he was studying in Soviet Union in 1960s, his vision was further broadened by the sparkling white birch forest and the splendid culture and art of Russia. Pushkin’s verse will always reverberate in his mind……

七十年代，上海市国际卫星通信地面站获上海市七十年代优秀设计一等奖及国家优秀设计表扬奖。援毛里塔尼亚国家体育场2.1万m2运用了适于当地热带沙漠气候的外封闭内开敞的形式，阻挡了沙漠的侵袭，优化了生态环境。在体育场正面的墙上，采用了毛国的贝壳混凝土作为装饰，使体育场具有了毛国的特点和风格。1983年获上海市优秀设计二等奖。

In 1970s, Shanghai International Satellite Communication Ground Station won First Prize of Excellent Designs of Shanghai in 1970s and the Testimonial Award of National Excellent Designs. The 21,000m2National Stadium of Mauritania aided by China applied a design form of closed-outside and open-inside which is suitable to tropical desert climate, for preventing from the invasion of desert and optimizing ecological environment. The stadium was decorated with shell concrete produced in Mauritania, which provides the stadium with a unique feature and style of that country. And it won the Second Prize of Excellent Design of Shanghai in 1983.

八十年代，上海电信大楼4万多m2，高度114.6m，力图在布局及高层建筑的造型上体现江南地域特色。大楼地处人民广场，远观近瞻均有要求，在总体布局上结合派送电报功能采用了廊院形式。主楼高层建筑在我国通信建筑中首先打破了多年沿用的线路长、耗能大的长条形建筑，而第一个代之以筒中筒高层点式建筑。顶部的通信塔楼与下部塔楼间做了一层安放微波天线的架空层，较好地处理了主楼与塔楼在造型上的过渡问题。电信大楼1989年获建设部科技进步一等奖及上海市优秀设计一等奖。

In 1980s, the Shanghai Telecom Building, which was located in the People Square with an area of over 40,000m2and a height of 114.6m, was expected to reflect the regional characteristics of South Yangtze River on both layout and style of this high-rise building and had requirements on viewing effect both from a far and a close distance. The design adopted a form of Gallery Court in consideration of combining overall layout with the function of sending telegraphs. For the main building, the traditional linear design of China’s telecom buildings that has a long line route and huge energy consumption was first abandoned and replaced by a new tube-in-tube high-rise point-mode building. An open floor for the placement of microwave antenna was constructed between the communication tower on the top and the tower room at the bottom, properly handling the transition issue between the main building and the tower. The design of Telecom Building won First Prize of Scientific and Technological Advances of the Ministry of Construction in 1989 and the First Prize of Excellent Designs of Shanghai.

常熟汽车站采用了具有江南民居特色的构架，西向立面做了反映常熟风景图案的遮阳墙，富有地域特色。

The design of Coach Terminal Station of Changshu adopted a structure of the unique feature of residential buildings in South Yangtze River; a shadow wall with landscape pattern of Changshu was constructed to the west façade, which is full of local characteristics.

白俄罗斯电视塔方案是以普希金的诗句“同志们，相信吧，迷人幸福的星辰就要从俄罗斯冉冉升起”作为构思主题，塔部以锥形的玻璃体组成了光芒四射的星辰形象，富有时代气息和文化特色。1998年方案在由俄、意、德等七个国家参加的国际竞赛中名列第一。

With a conceiving theme from Pushkin’s poem “Comrade, be faithful, a charming star of happiness is going to rise up slowly from Russia”, the Television Tower of Byelorussia was dotted with a tapered glass body to form an image of pearlescent star, reflecting a flavor of the times and its cultural characteristics. The design took the first place in an international competition participated by seven countries including Russia, Italy and Germany in 1998.

上海地铁一号线的室内外环境设计运用了不同材质的壁画，示意了各站的地面位置并增加了上海地铁的标志性，获上海市十大新景观奖。

The indoor and outdoor environment design of Shanghai Metro Line 1, with murals of different materials to indicate ground location of each station and increase the identification of Shanghai metro, won Top Ten Award of New Landscapes in Shanghai.

上海新世界商城7.4万m2,获1997年上海市优秀设计一等奖。

The design of the 74,000m2 Shanghai New World City won First Prize of Excellent Designs of Shanghai in 1997.

参加设计的长安街电力调度大楼按设计为借鉴中国传统建筑，开敞的中庭空间具有人性化的感染力。檐部做成构架式厚檐与长安街相邻的建筑和谐。2001年获建设部优秀设计一等奖，2002年全国优秀设计金奖。

The design of National Power Distribution Center at Chang’anStreet of Beijing participated by Cai borrowed China’s traditional architectural style, its open-style atrium boast an infection of humanization. The eaves of the building were constructed as framed thick eaves, representing a harmonious mirror with adjacent Chang’an Street. The design won First Prize of Excellent Designs of the Ministry of Construction in 2001 and a Gold Award of National Excellent Designs in 2002.

常熟国宾馆平面布局设有水池以改善小气候，在形象上把民居的韵味提升为一个既现代化而又具有高雅大方气质和江南风格的国宾接待楼。2003年获常熟市琴川杯十佳设计奖。

The floor layout of the State Guest House of Changshu is provided with pools to improve microclimate, upgrading the image of a dwelling to a modern state guest house with elegant and graceful charm as well as a style of South Yangtze River. The design won Top Ten Award of Design of Qin Chuan Cup of Changshu City in 2003.

近几年设计的绍兴大剧院2.65万m2，1400座，以当地的乌篷船为构思立意，使大剧院成为既富有时代气息而又有当地特色的标志性建筑。2005年获上海市优秀设计一等奖及建设部优秀设计二等奖。

The recently-designed26,500m2Shaoxing Grand Theater, with a seating capacity of 1,400 was inspired by Wupeng boat of the region, making the theater a landmark of Shaoxing that boasts both flavor of the times and local characteristics. The design won First Prize of Excellent Designs of Shanghai and a Second Prize of Excellent Designs of the Ministry of Construction in 2005.

以风帆为立意的奉贤海滩宾馆，不仅与大海相和谐且力求具有现代中国风格。

The Fengxian Beach Hotel, symbolized as a sail, is not only harmonious with the ocean but also provided with a modern Chinese style.

以凝聚和谐为主题的上海世界博览馆方案设计则以太极的聚合为立意，形成了具有中国内涵和富有时代感的建筑。

With a theme of cohesion and harmony, the idea of the design of Shanghai World Exposition Museum came from the gathering of Taiji, offering the building with an implication of China and a feeling of the times.

即将竣工的上海元代水闸遗址博物馆是蔡设计的06年中国十大文物建筑之一，结合狭小的场地，以开挖出的铁榫连接件的图形和抽象化的弓体形象，使博物馆增添了元代的色彩，是又一个体现现代与民族文化融合的作品。

The to-be-completed Shanghai Museum of Sluice Site of Yuan Dynasty, designed by Cai, was one of the Top Ten Cultural Relic Buildings of China in 2006. By combining the narrow space, its image of an excavated iron tenon connectorand abstract bow shape offers the museum a flavor of Yuan Dynasty, making it another building of combination of modernity and national culture.

在居住建筑方面，力求节地并结合气候，注意自然通风，改进户型。厦门凤凰山庄，依山就势，节省了大量的土石方，同时吸取了福建民居的内涵、形象和地方材料。上海曲阳新村规划用地73hm²,建筑面积85万m2，可住7万多人，居住区共建按三级配套，是上海最大最齐全的大型居住区。1989年获1949—1989上海市十佳建筑奖。幼托、小学、文化馆、体育馆等分别获市优2-3等奖。在合肥桂香居小区中运用紧凑的圆形点式平面，缩小了每户的面宽，节约了用地。云间绿大地别墅小区中设计了有内庭的现代中国式的别墅，获2001年建设部人居经典综合大奖，2002年上海住宅设计创优奖及2003年上海市“四高”优秀小区奖。上海万里居住区规划用地216hm2,建筑面积247万m2，获建国50周年上海经典建筑最佳住宅小区及2000年“创新风暴”全国住宅设计夺标活动组委会奖。2005年蔡又获全国工商联住宅产业商会颁发的精瑞住宅科学技术创新优秀人物奖。与上海建科院合作的生态住宅试点获国际亚洲生态住宅奖。

In the design of residential buildings, Cai strives to save land and take consideration of climate into design, pay attention to natural ventilation and the improvement of housing type. By utilizing favorable topography of adjacent to a hill, Xiamen Phoenix Mountain Villa saved a huge amount of earth and rocks, while at the same time absorbedthe intension and image of Fujian residential architecture as well as local materials. Shanghai Quyang Residential District occupies an area of 73hm2 and a floor space of 850,000m2 and can provide housing for a population of more than 70,000. The residential district was built in accordance with third-level supporting facilities, and it is the largest and most complete residential district in Shanghai. It won Top Ten Award of Buildings from 1949 to 1989 in Shanghai in 1989. Kindergarten, primary school, cultural center and gym won Third to Second Prizes respectively. Round-point-type plane was applied to Guixiangju Residential District of Hefei, saved land by reducing face width of each apartment. With a design of modern Chinese villa with chamber, Green Wonderland Villa Project won Comprehensive Award of Human Residential Classic of the Ministry of Construction in 2001, Creative Excellence Award of Residential Design of Shanghai in 2002, and Award of “Four-high” Excellent Residential District. Shanghai Wanli Residential District, with a planning area of 216hm2 and a floor space of 2.47 million m2, won Award of Best Residential District of Classic Buildings in Shanghai at the 50th Anniversary of the Founding of The People’s Republic of China, and the Committee Award of “Innovative Storm” National Residential Design Championship Activity. In 2005, Cai won the Excellent Figure Award of Jingrui Residential Scientific and Technological Innovation issued by China Real Estate Chamber of Commerce.The ecological residential project, cooperated with Shanghai Research Institute of Building Science, was awarded the International Asia Ecological Residential Award.

在规划方面蔡参与了浦东陆家嘴中心的方案设计及专家组。

In terms of planning, Cai participated in schematic design of Lujiazui Center and was a member of expert panel.

生态建筑方面，蔡一贯提倡建筑师要在总体的选址及空间组合时就进入角色，学习设计生态建筑的科学性、精密性和创新精神。蔡参加了由上海建科院主持的生态办公楼及生态住宅设计。生态办公楼的平面布局及剖面形式及屋面等均服从生态功能的要求，斜向的玻璃顶使阳光能洒向中庭及北面的房间，塔楼经过加温能更好地进行自然排风，屋顶采用太阳能电池板发电，南向窗前均做了可调节的遮阳百叶。在节能技术方面采用了变频供电、水资源回用、绿色及再生建材等新技术。生态办公楼不仅节能且有崭新的形象。生态住宅内布置了加强自然通风的中庭，冬夏各有其功能，2005年获Holcim国际建筑设计亚太地区的可持续发展建造大奖。

In terms of ecological architecture, Cai adheres to the idea that architects should participate in during the period of overall site selection, space combination, and learn scientism, attitude of precision and spirit of innovation. Cai participated in the design of ecological office buildings and ecological residential buildings hosted by Shanghai Research Institute of Building Science.The plane layout, section profile and roof of ecological buildings meet the requirements of ecological functions. Inclined glass roof avails the sunshine to reach atrium and north room, heated tower offers better natural ventilation, solar-cell panel on the roof can provide power for the building, and adjustable shutters are equipped to all south windows. In terms of energy-saving, variable frequency power supply, water recycling, green and other renewable materials and new technologies are applied to these buildings. Ecological office buildings are not only energy conservative, but also represent a brand new look. Atrium of enhanced natural ventilation is placed in ecological residential buildings, with variant functions for both summer and winter. These designs won the Award of Sustainable Construction of Asia-Pacific of Holcim International Architectural Design in 2005.

新建筑向未来的发展，除了不断提升生态举措的等级外，认为建筑不再是立面、空间，而是上升为一个环境和“场”，要作为一个物理场来看待，建筑物质技术的一面要和宇宙的能量场结合起来考虑，这也是我国风水中的精华。建筑不会再是横三段、竖三段的固有模式，而是根据地域的方位、气候和能量，结合不同功能的新材料和地域文化综合起来的新建筑，体现出新的华夏建筑文化。

The development of new architecture in the future, on top of constantly upgrading the level of ecological measures, Cai believes that architecture is no longer just about façade and space, but to be upgraded to an combination of environment and “field”, and should be considered as a physical field by combining the material technology of architecture with energy field in the universe, which is also the essence of China’s Fengshui. Architecture will no longer be an invariable pattern of three horizontal sections and three vertical sections, but a new one that consists of new materials of variant functions as well as regional cultures on the basis of location, climate and energy, which can reflect the new Chinese architectural culture.

在建筑教育方面蔡一贯主张要办出一个“放眼世界，回归中国”的具有中国特色的建筑教学体系。建筑具有物质技术和意识形态的双重性，它不属于纯艺术。它与文学、绘画、音乐是异曲同工。艺术的手段及规律方面都是相通的，只是各自运用的元素形态和手段不同而已，因此作为一个建筑师应该也是一个文艺爱好者，要在文学、绘画和音乐中汲取各种营养。多年来，蔡爱好写诗和散文，以不断提高自己的修养。路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索！是蔡的座右铭。

In terms of architectural education, Cai always upholds the idea to build an educational system of architecture with Chinese characteristics by looking into the world while exploring in China. Architecture is not just pure art; it has the dual nature of material technology and ideology. Although in different ways, architecture has the same nature with literature, painting and music. The means and laws of variant arts are interlinked, just that the element forms and means of application are different. So an architect should also be a lover of literature and art to absorb all kinds of nutrition from literature, painting and music. Over the years, Cai was passionate in writing poems and essays, so as to constantly improve his internal cultivation. The way ahead is long and has no ending, yet high and low. I’ll search with my will unbending! This is Cai’s motto.

2012年8月28日

August 28, 2012